THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY

PROVINCIAL/STATE SPECIES LISTS AND REFERENCES

Canada: Alberta (20) British Columbia (41) Labrador (7) Manitoba (24) New Brunswick (24) Newfoundland (7) Northwest Territories (6) Nova Scotia (24) Nunavut (3) Ontario (53) Prince Edward Island (14) Quebec (38) Saskatchewan (22) Yukon (4)

USA: Alabama (177) Alaska (10) Arizona (155) Arkansas (126) California (206) Colorado (74) Connecticut (50) Delaware (67) District of Columbia (59) Florida (193) Georgia (184) Hawaii (33) Idaho (40) Illinois (106) Indiana (97) Iowa (70) Kansas (100) Kentucky (114) Louisiana (150) Maine (39) Maryland (94) Massachusetts (53) Michigan (55) Minnesota (51) Mississippi (153) Missouri (120) Montana (34) Nebraska (62) Nevada (79) New Hampshire (42) New Jersey (79) New Mexico (136) New York (73) North Carolina (168) North Dakota (28) Ohio (83) Oklahoma (143) Oregon (72) Pennsylvania (81) Rhode Island (44) South Carolina (142) South Dakota (46) Tennessee (143) Texas (240) Utah (76) Vermont (40) Virginia (150) Washington (51) West Virginia (90) Wisconsin (55) Wyoming (40)


ESTABLISHED EXTANT AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF ARIZONA (155 SPECIES)

Amphibia Gray, 1825 — Amphibians
Anura Fischer von Waldheim, 1813 — Frogs
Bufonidae Gray, 1825 — True Toads
Anaxyrus cognatus (Say in James, 1822) — Great Plains Toad
Anaxyrus debilis (Girard, 1854) — Chihuahuan Green Toad
Anaxyrus microscaphus (Cope, 1866) — Arizona Toad
Anaxyrus punctatus (Baird and Girard, 1852) — Red-spotted Toad
Anaxyrus retiformis (Sanders and Smith, 1951) — Sonoran Green Toad
Anaxyrus woodhousii (Girard, 1854) — Woodhouse's Toad
Incilius alvarius (Girard in Baird, 1859) — Sonoran Desert Toad
Craugastoridae Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 — Flesh-bellied Frogs
Craugastor augusti (Dugès, in Brocchi, 1879) — Barking Frog
Hylidae Rafinesque, 1815 — Treefrogs and Allies
Dryophytes arenicolor (Cope, 1866) — Canyon Treefrog
Dryophytes wrightorum (Taylor, 1939 “1938”) — Arizona Treefrog
Pseudacris hypochondriaca (Hallowell, 1854) — Baja California Treefrog
Pseudacris maculata (Agassiz, 1850) — Boreal Chorus Frog
Smilisca fodiens (Boulenger, 1882) — Lowland Burrowing Treefrog
Microhylidae Gunther, 1843 — Micohylid Frogs and Toads
Gastrophryne mazatlanensis (Taylor, 1943) — Sinaloan Narrow-mouthed Toad
Pipidae Bonaparte, 1831 — Clawed Frogs
Xenopus laevis (Daudin, 1802) — African Clawed Frog   
Ranidae Rafinesque, 1814 — True Frogs
Lithobates berlandieri (Baird, 1859) — Rio Grande Leopard Frog
Lithobates blairi (Mecham, Littlejohn, Oldham, Brown, and Brown, 1973) — Plains Leopard Frog
Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) — North American Bullfrog
Lithobates chiricahuensis (Platz and Mecham, 1979) — Chiricahua Leopard Frog
Lithobates clamitans (Latreille in Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801) — North American Green Frog
Lithobates onca (Cope In Yarrow, 1875, in Wheeler (Editor)) — Relict Leopard Frog
Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782) — Northern Leopard Frog
Lithobates tarahumarae (Boulenger, 1917) — Tarahumara Frog
Lithobates yavapaiensis (Platz and Frost, 1984) — Lowland Leopard Frog
Scaphiopodidae Cope, 1865 — North American Spadefoots
Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854 — Couch's Spadefoot
Spea bombifrons (Cope, 1863) — Plains Spadefoot
Spea intermontana (Cope, 1883) — Great Basin Spadefoot
Spea multiplicata (Cope, 1863) — Mexican Spadefoot
Caudata Scopoli, 1777 — Salamanders
Ambystomatidae Gray, 1850 — Mole Salamanders
Ambystoma mavortium Baird, 1850 — Western Tiger Salamander
Plethodontidae Gray, 1850 — Lungless Salamanders
Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray, 1850 — Ensatina
Reptilia Laurenti, 1768 — Reptiles
Squamata (part) Oppel, 1811 — Snakes
Boidae Gray, 1842 — Boas
Lichanura orcutti Stejneger, 1889 — Northern Rosy Boa
Lichanura trivirgata Cope, 1861 — Three-lined Boa
Colubridae Oppel, 1811 — Harmless Egg-laying Snakes
Arizona elegans Kennicott, in Baird, 1859 — Common Glossy Snake
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, 1758 — North American Racer
Gyalopion canum Cope, 1860 — Chihuahuan Hook-nosed Snake
Gyalopion quadrangulare (Günther, 1893 in Salvin and Godman, 1885-1902) — Thornscrub Hook-nosed Snake
Lampropeltis californiae (Blainville, 1835) — California Kingsnake
Lampropeltis gentilis (Baird and Girard, 1853) — Western Milksnake
Lampropeltis knoblochi Taylor, 1940 — Madrean Mountain Kingsnake
Lampropeltis nigrita Zweifel and Norris, 1955 — Western Black Kingsnake
Lampropeltis pyromelana (Cope, 1867) — Arizona Mountain Kingsnake
Lampropeltis splendida (Baird and Girard, 1853) — Desert Kingsnake
Masticophis bilineatus Jan, 1867 — Sonoran Whipsnake
Masticophis flagellum (Shaw, 1802) — Common Coachwhip
Masticophis taeniatus (Hallowell, 1852) — Striped Whipsnake
Oxybelis microphthalmus Barbour and Amaral, 1926 — Thornscrub Brown Vinesnake
Phyllorhynchus browni Stejneger, 1890 — Saddled Leaf-nosed Snake
Phyllorhynchus decurtatus (Cope, 1868) — Spotted Leaf-nosed Snake
Pituophis catenifer (Blainville, 1835) — Gophersnake
Rhinocheilus lecontei Baird and Girard, 1853 — Long-nosed Snake
Salvadora grahamiae Baird and Girard, 1853 — Mountain Patch-nosed Snake
Salvadora hexalepis (Cope, 1866) — Western Patch-nosed Snake
Senticolis triaspis (Cope, 1866) — Green Ratsnake
Sonora annulata (Baird, 1859) — Tricolor Shovel-nosed Snake
Sonora cincta (Cope, 1861) — Banded Sandsnake
Sonora occipitalis (Hallowell, 1854) — Mohave Shovel-nosed Snake
Sonora palarostris Klauber, 1937 — Sonoran Shovel-nosed Snake
Sonora semiannulata Baird and Girard, 1853 — Western Groundsnake
Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor, 1937 — Southwestern Black-headed Snake
Tantilla nigriceps Kennicott, 1860 — Plains Black-headed Snake
Tantilla wilcoxi Stejneger, 1902 — Chihuahuan Black-headed Snake
Tantilla yaquia Smith, 1942 — Yaqui Black-headed Snake
Trimorphodon lambda Cope, 1886 — Sonoran Lyresnake
Crotalidae Oppel, 1811 — Pit Vipers
Crotalus atrox Baird and Girard, 1853 — Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake
Crotalus cerastes Hallowell, 1854 — Sidewinder
Crotalus cerberus (Coues, 1875) — Arizona Black Rattlesnake
Crotalus lepidus (Kennicott, 1861) — Rock Rattlesnake
Crotalus molossus Baird and Girard, 1853 — Black-tailed Rattlesnake
Crotalus oreganus Holbrook, 1840 — Western Rattlesnake
Crotalus pricei Van Denburgh, 1895 — Twin-spotted Rattlesnake
Crotalus pyrrhus (Cope, 1867) — Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake
Crotalus scutulatus (Kennicott, 1861) — Mohave Rattlesnake
Crotalus tigris Kennicott, in Baird, 1859 — Tiger Rattlesnake
Crotalus viridis (Rafinesque, 1818) — Prairie Rattlesnake
Crotalus willardi Meek, 1906 — Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake
Sistrurus tergeminus (Say, in James, 1822) — Western Massasauga
Dipsadidae Bonaparte, 1838 — Harmless Rear-Fanged Snakes
Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766) — Ring-necked Snake
Heterodon kennerlyi Kennicott, 1860 — Mexican Hog-nosed Snake
Hypsiglena chlorophaea Cope, 1860 — Desert Nightsnake
Hypsiglena jani (Dugès, 1865) — Chihuahuan Nightsnake
Elapidae Boie, 1827 — Coral Snakes, Cobras, and Kraits
Micruroides euryxanthus (Kennicott, 1860) — Sonoran Coralsnake
Leptotyphlopidae Stejneger, 1891 — Threadsnakes
Rena dulcis Baird and Girard, 1853 — Texas Threadsnake
Rena humilis Baird and Girard, 1853 — Western Threadsnake
Natricidae Bonaparte, 1838 — Harmless Egg-Retaining Snakes
Nerodia fasciata (Linnaeus, 1766) — Southern Watersnake
Thamnophis cyrtopsis (Kennicott, 1860) — Black-necked Gartersnake
Thamnophis elegans (Baird and Girard, 1853) — Terrestrial Gartersnake
Thamnophis eques (Reuss, 1834) — Mexican Gartersnake
Thamnophis marcianus (Baird and Girard, 1853) — Checkered Gartersnake
Thamnophis rufipunctatus (Cope, in Yarrow, 1875) — Narrow-headed Gartersnake
Typhlopidae Jan, 1863 — Blindsnakes
Indotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803) — Brahminy Blindsnake   
Squamata (part) Oppel, 1811 — Other Lizards
Anguidae Gray, 1825 — Anguid Lizards
Elgaria kingii Gray, 1838 — Madrean Alligator Lizard
Crotaphytidae Smith and Brodie, 1982 — Collared and Leopard Lizards
Crotaphytus bicinctores Smith and Tanner, 1972 — Great Basin Collared Lizard
Crotaphytus collaris (Say in James, 1822 “1823”) — Eastern Collared Lizard
Crotaphytus nebrius Axtell and Montanucci, 1977 — Sonoran Collared Lizard
Gambelia wislizenii (Baird and Girard, 1852) — Long-nosed Leopard Lizard
Eublepharidae Boulenger, 1883 — Eyelid Geckos
Coleonyx variegatus (Baird, 1859 “1858”) — Western Banded Gecko
Gekkonidae Gray, 1825 — Geckos
Cyrtopodion scabrum (Heyden in Rüppell, 1827) — Rough-tailed Gecko   
Hemidactylus turcicus (Linnaeus, 1758) — Mediterranean Gecko   
Helodermatidae Gray, 1837 — Gila Monsters
Heloderma suspectum Cope, 1869 — Gila Monster
Iguanidae Oppel, 1811 — Iguanas
Ctenosaura similis (Gray, 1830) — Gray’s Spiny-tailed Iguana   
Dipsosaurus dorsalis (Baird and Girard, 1852) — Desert Iguana
Sauromalus ater Duméril, 1856 — Common Chuckwalla
Phrynosomatidae Fitzinger, 1843 — Sand and Spiny Lizards
Callisaurus draconoides Blainville, 1835 — Zebra-tailed Lizard
Cophosaurus texanus Troschel, 1852 — Greater Earless Lizard
Holbrookia elegans Bocourt, 1874 in Duméril, Mocquard, and Bocourt, 1870-1909 — Elegant Earless Lizard
Holbrookia maculata Girard, 1851 — Common Lesser Earless Lizard
Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan, 1825) — Texas Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma goodei Stejneger, 1893 — Sonoran Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma hernandesi Girard, 1858 — Greater Short-horned Lizard
Phrynosoma mcallii (Hallowell, 1852) — Flat-tailed Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma modestum Girard in Baird and Girard, 1852 — Round-tailed Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma platyrhinos Girard in Barid and Girard, 1852 — Desert Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma solare Gray, 1845 — Regal Horned Lizard
Sceloporus bimaculosus Phelan and Brattstrom, 1955 — Chihuahuan Desert Spiny Lizard
Sceloporus clarkii Baird and Girard, 1852 — Clark's Spiny Lizard
Sceloporus cowlesi Lowe and Norris, 1956 — Southwestern Fence Lizard
Sceloporus graciosus Baird and Girard, 1852 — Common Sagebrush Lizard
Sceloporus jarrovii Cope, in Yarrow, 1875 — Madrean Mountain Spiny Lizard
Sceloporus magister Hallowell, 1854 — Desert Spiny Lizard
Sceloporus slevini Smith, 1937 — Slevin’s Bunchgrass Lizard
Sceloporus tristichus Cope in Yarrow, 1875 — Plateau Fence Lizard
Sceloporus virgatus Smith, 1938 — Striped Plateau Lizard
Uma rufopunctata Cope, 1895 — Yuman Desert Fringe-toed Lizard
Uma scoparia Cope, 1894 — Mohave Fringe-toed Lizard
Uma thurmanae DeRycke, Gottscho, Mulcahy, and de Queiroz, 2020 — Mohawk Dunes Fringe-toed Lizard
Urosaurus graciosus Hallowell, 1854 — Long-tailed Brush Lizard
Urosaurus ornatus (Baird and Girard, 1852) — Ornate Tree Lizard
Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852 — Common Side-blotched Lizard
Scincidae Gray, 1825 — Skinks
Chalcides ocellatus (Forskål, 1775) — Ocellated Skink   
Plestiodon callicephalus Bocourt, 1879 in Duméril, Mocquard, and Bocourt, 1870–1909 — Madrean Mountain Skink
Plestiodon gilberti (Van Denburgh, 1896) — Gilbert's Skink
Plestiodon multivirgatus Hallowell, 1857 — Many-lined Skink
Plestiodon obsoletus Baird and Girard, 1852 — Great Plains Skink
Plestiodon skiltonianus Baird and Girard, 1852 — Western Skink
Teiidae Gray, 1827 — Whiptails, Racerunners, and Ameivas
Aspidoscelis burti (Taylor, 1938) — Canyon Spotted Whiptail
Aspidoscelis burti (Taylor, 1938) — Canyon Spotted Whiptail
Aspidoscelis exsanguis (Lowe, 1956) — Chihuahuan Spotted Whiptail
Aspidoscelis neomexicanus (Lowe and Zweifel, 1952) — New Mexico Whiptail
Aspidoscelis sonorae (Lowe and Wright, 1964) — Sonoran Spotted Whiptail
Aspidoscelis tigris (Baird and Girard, 1852) — Tiger Whiptail
Aspidoscelis uniparens (Wright and Lowe, 1965) — Desert Grassland Whiptail
Aspidoscelis velox (Springer, 1928) — Plateau Striped Whiptail
Xantusiidae Baird, 1859 — Night Lizards
Xantusia arizonae Klauber, 1931 — Arizona Night Lizard
Xantusia bezyi Papenfuss, Macey and Schulte, 2001 — Bezy's Night Lizard
Xantusia vigilis Baird, 1859 — Desert Night Lizard
Testudines Batsch, 1788 — Turtles
Chelydridae Gray, 1870 — Snapping Turtles
Chelydra serpentina (Linnaeus, 1758) — North American Snapping Turtle
Emydidae Gray, 1825 — Box and Basking Turtles
Chrysemys picta (Schneider, 1783) — Painted Turtle
Terrapene ornata (Agassiz, 1857) — Ornate Box Turtle
Trachemys scripta (Thunberg in Schoepff, 1792) — Pond Slider
Kinosternidae Agassiz, 1857 — Mud and Musk Turtles
Kinosternon flavescens (Agassiz, 1857) — Yellow Mud Turtle
Kinosternon sonoriense LeConte, 1854 — Sonora Mud Turtle
Kinosternon stejnegeri (Hartweg, 1938) — Arizona Mud Turtle
Testudinidae Gray, 1825 — Tortoises
Gopherus agassizii (Cooper, 1861) — Mojave Desert Tortoise
Gopherus morafkai Murphy, Berry, Edwards, Leviton, Lathrop, and Riedle, 2011 — Sonoran Desert Tortoise
Trionychidae Bell, 1828 — Softshells
Apalone spinifera (LeSueur, 1827) — Spiny Softshell

(map source Wikipedia.com)
ARIZONA HERPETOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS
1875 Yarrow, Henry C. Report upon the collections of batrachians and reptiles made in portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona during the years 1871, 1872, 1872, and 1874. Wheeler, G. M. ed., Report upon Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian in Charge of First Lieut. Geo. M. Wheeler, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Under the Direction of Brig. Gen. A. A. Humphryes, Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army. Volume 5 (Zoology), Part. 4. US Government, Washington, D. C. 509-584pp.
1890 Stejneger, Leonhard H. Results of a biological survey of the San Francisco Mountain region and Desert of the Little Colorado, Arizona. Part V. Annotated list of reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. C. Hart Merriam and Vernon Bailey on the San Francisco Mountain Plateau. North American Fauna (3):103-118
1903 Stejneger, Leonhard H. The reptiles of the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 25(1282):149-158
1907 Ruthven, Alexander G. A collection of reptiles and amphibians from southern New Mexico and Arizona. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23():483-604
1913 Van Denburgh, John and Joseph R. Slevin. A list of the amphibians and reptiles of Arizona with notes on the species in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) 3():391-454
1932 MacCoy, Clinton V. Herpetological notes from Tucson, Arizona. Occasional Papers Boston Society of Natural History 8():11-24
1934 McKee, E. D. and Charles M. Bogert. The amphibians and reptiles of Grand Canyon National Park. Copeia 1934():178-180
1936 Cowles, Raymond B. and Charles M. Bogert. The herpetology of the Boulder Dam Region (Nev., Ariz., Utah). Herpetologica 1(2):33-42
1937 Gloyd, Howard K. A herpetological consideration of faunal areas in southern Arizona. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 5(5):79-136
1947 Woodbury, Angus M. The speckled rattlesnake in NW Arizona. Herpetologica 3():169
1950 Shannon, Frederick A. Coluber constrictor mormon - A state record for Arizona. Herpetologica 6(3):59
1950 Chenoweth, W. L. Records of amphibians and reptiles from New Mexico, Utah, and Arizona. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Sciences 53():532-534
1958 Williams, Kenneth L. and Pete S. Chrapliwy. Selected records of amphibians and reptiles from Arizona. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 61(3):299-301
1964 Lowe, Charles H., Jr. The vertebrates of Arizona. Annotated checklist of the vertebrates of the state: The species and where they live. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 270pp.
1965 Fowlie, J. A. The snakes of Arizona. Azul Quinta Press, Fallbrook, California. 164pp.
1971 Wright, J. Account of a field trip to Arizona and Texas (August 10 to 21, 1971). Herpetology 5(4):9-13
1973 Hulse, Arthur C. Herpetofauna of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation, East Central Arizona. Journal of Herpetology 7(3):275-282
1974 Aitchison, S. W. and D. S. Tomko. Amphibians and reptiles of Flagstaff, Arizona. Plateau 47(1):18-25
1986 Lowe, Charles H., Jr., C. R. Schwalbe, and T. B. Johnson. The venomous reptiles of Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Tucson, Arizona. 115pp.
1988 Jones, K. B. Distribution and habitat associations of herpetofauna in Arizona: comparisons by habitat type. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report RM 166, . 109-128pp.
1996 Sullivan, Brian K., Robert W. Bowker, Keith B. Halmos, and Erik W. A. Gergus. Arizona distribution of three Sonoran Desert anurans: Bufo retiformis, Gastrophryne olivacea, and Pternohyla fodiens. Great Basin Naturalist 56(1):38-47
1999 Sullivan, Brian K. and Matthew A. Flowers. Large iguanid lizards of urban mountain preserves in northern Phoenix, Arizona. Herpetological Natural History 6(1):13-22
1999 McLuckie, Ann M., Trip Lamb, Cecil R. Schwalbe, and Robert D. McCord. Genetic and morphometric assessment of an unusual tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in the Black Mountains of Arizona. Journal of Herpetology 33(1):36-44
2002 Arizona Game and Fish Department, The. Current list of amphibians and reptiles in Arizona and their status. Sonoran Herpetologist 15(6):62-66
2003 Riedle, J. Daren, Roy C. Averill-Mur ray, and Darren K. Bolen. Habitat use by Desert Tortoises at the Florence Military Reservation, Pinal County, Arizona. Pages 140-146 in The Desert Tortoise Council, . pp.
2005 Brennan, T. C. and Andrew T. Holycross. A Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of Maricopa County. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, Arizona. 68pp.
2005 Enderson, Erik F. and Robert L. Bezy. Amphibians of the Vekol Valley. Sonoran Herpetologist 18(7):74-79
2006 Brennan, T. C. and Andrew T. Holycross,. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles in Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, Arizona. 150pp.
2006 Lazaroff, D. W. P. C. Rosen, and Charles H. Lowe. Amphibians, reptiles, and their habitats at Sabino Canyon. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 184pp.
2012 Riedle, J. Daren, PHilip C. Rosen, Richard T. Kazmaier, Peter Holm, and Cristina A. Jones. Conservation status of an endemic Kinosternid, Kinosternon sonoriense longifemorale, in Arizona. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 11(2):182-189
2014 Bezy, Robert L. and Charles J. Cole. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico. American Museum Novitates (3810):1-24
2016 Schuett, Gordon W., Martin J. Feldner, Charles F. Smith, Randall S. Reiserer (Editor) Rattlesnakes of Arizona. Volume 1. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, New Mexico. 736pp.
2017 Schuett, Gordon W., Martin J. Feldner, Charles F. Smith, Randall S. Reiserer (Editor) Rattlesnakes of Arizona. Volume 2. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, New Mexico. 488pp.
2018 Schuett, Gordon W., Charles F. Smith, and B. Ashley. Rattlesnakes of the Grand Canyon. ECO Natural History Series, Rodeo, New Mexico. 132pp.
2018 Murphy, John C. Arizona’s Amphibians & Reptiles, A Natural History and Field Guide. Book Services US, . 348pp.
2019 Murphy, John C. Arizona's Amphibians & Reptiles: A Natural History and Field Guide. Second edition. Jcm Natural History, Green Valley, Arizona. 348pp.
2020 Holycross, Andrew T. and Joseph C. Mitchell. Snakes of Arizona. ECO Wear & Publishing, Rodeo, New Mexico. 837pp.

THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY — Accessed: Thursday 08 May 2025 09:47 CT