THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY

Amphibia    Anura    Bufonidae  

Gulf Coast Toad
Incilius nebulifer (Girard, 1854)

SSAR 9th Edition Comments:
 A review of the distinction between I. nebulifer and I. valliceps that incorporates nuclear markers is advisable
Page 5: Missing the period at the end of the comment. — (4/10/2025)

Range maps are based on curated specimens and provided gratis by CNAH.
(Created by Travis W. Taggart; Version: 2023.04.10.07.49.08)
Download GeoJSON polygon range file: - 0.45 MB

Province/State Distribution:
USA: Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi Texas

First instance(s) of published English names:
Nebulous Toad (Bufo valliceps: Yarrow, Henry C. 1882. Check list of North American Reptilia and Batrachia with catalogue of specimens in U. S. National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum (24):1-249); Wiegmann's Toad (Bufo valliceps: Wright, Anna Allen, and Alex Hazen Wright. 1933. Handbook of frogs and toads. The frogs and toads of the United States and Canada Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, NY. xi+231pp.); Mexican Toad (Bufo valliceps: Wright, Anna Allen, and Alex Hazen Wright. 1933. Handbook of frogs and toads. The frogs and toads of the United States and Canada Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, NY. xi+231pp.); Bufo valliceps (Gulf Coast Toad: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.);

Taxon Links:

  
Catalog of American Amphibians and Reptiles
  
Amphibian Species of the World
  
NatureServe
  
iNaturalist
  
GenBank
  
USGS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database

Selected References:
1854 Girard, Charles. A list of the North American Bufonids, with diagnoses of new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 7:86-88
1863 Peters, Wilhem C. H. Bemerkungen über verschiedene Batrachier, namentlich über die Original-exemplare der von Schneider und Wiegmann beschriebenen Arten des zoologischen Museums zu Berlin. [Remarks on various Batrachians, especially on the original specimens of the species described by Schneider and Wiegmann in the Zoological Museum in Berlin.] Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu 1863 [Monthly reports of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences for 1863] :76–82
1882 Boulenger, George A. Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum. Second Edition. Taylor and Francis, London. pp.
1962 Tihen, Joseph A. A review of new world fossil bufonids. American Midland Naturalist 68(1):1-50
1964 Sanders, Ottys and J. C. Cross. Relationships between certain North American toads as shown by cytological study. Herpetologica 19(4):248-255
1966 Blair, W. Frank. Genetic compatibility of the Bufo valliceps and closely related groups of toads. Texas Journal of Science 18(4):333-351
1968 Cole, Charles J., Charles H. Lowe, and John W. Wright. Karyotypes of eight species of toads (genus Bufo) in North America. Copeia 1968(1):96-100
1970 Porter, Kenneth R. Bufo valliceps. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (94):1-4
2000 Mulcahy, Daniel G. and Joseph R. III Mendelson. Phylogeography and speciation of the morphologically variable, widespread species Bufo valliceps, based on molecular evidence from mtDNA. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17(2):173-189
2005 Lannoo, Michael (Editor) Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University fo California Press, Berkeley. 1115pp.
2006 Mulcahy, Daniel G., B. H. Morrill, and Joseph R. Mendelson, III. Historical biogeography of lowland species of toads (Bufo) across the Trans-Mexican Neovolcanic Belt and the Isthmus of Tehuantepe. Journal of Biogeography 33:1889–1904
2011 Mendelson, Joseph R., III, Daniel G. Mulcahy, T. S. Williams, and Jack W. Sites, Jr. A phylogeny and evolutionary natural history of mesoamerican toads (Anura: Bufonidae: Incilius) based on morphology, life history, and molecular data. Zootaxa (3138):1–34
2013 Dodd, C. Kenneth. Frogs of the United States and Canada. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 982pp.
2015 Mendelson, Joseph R., III, C. T. Kinsey, and James B. Murphy. A review of the biology and literature of the Gulf Coast Toad (Incilius nebulifer), native to Mexico and the United States. Zootaxa (3974):517–537
2023 Dodd, C. Kenneth. Frogs of the United States and Canada. Second Edition. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 1032pp.

THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY — Accessed: Monday 21 April 2025 13:28 CT