THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY

Reptilia    Squamata (part)    Anolidae  

Brown Anole
Anolis sagrei Dumeril and Bibron, 1837

Current SSAR Comments:
Native to the Cayman Islands, Cuba and The Bahamas. It was first introduced prior to 1887 in the Florida Keys, Monroe County, Florida (Garman, 1887, Bulletin of the Essex Institute 19: 1–50), where it was likely introduced as a stowaway in cargo (Krysko et al., 2011, Zootaxa 3028: 1–64).It has since established throughout all of Florida (Campbell, 2003, Herpetological Review 34: 173–174; Krysko, 2019, Anolis sagrei sagrei. Pages 379–382 in Krysko et al. (Editors) Amphibians and Reptiles of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida). It was introduced in 13 other states (Kraus, 2009, Alien Reptiles and Amphibians: A Scientific Compendium and Analysis. SpringerVerlag, Heidelberg, Germany) and is established in Alabama (Steffen and Birkhead, 2007, Herpetological Review 38: 353; Guyer et al., 2019, University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, Alabama), California (Mahrdt et al., 2014, Herpetological Review 45: 658–659; Fisher et al., 2020, PeerJ 8(e8937): 1–12), Georgia (Campbell and Hammontree, 1995, Herpetological Review 26: 107), Hawai'i (Kishinami and Kishinami, 1996, Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 46: 45–46), Louisiana (Thomas et al., 1990, Herpetological Review 21: 22), North Carolina (Bean, 2019, Herpetological Review 50: 538–542) and Texas (King et al., 1987, Texas Journal of Science 39: 289–290; Dixon, 2000, Amphibians and Reptiles of Texas: With Keys, Taxonomic Synopses, Bibliography, and Distribution Maps). Reports from many southern states require confirmation of establishment. Poe et al. (2017, Systematic Biology 66: 663–697) consider ordinatus and greyi synonyms of sagrei. Nicholson et al. (2018, Zootaxa 4461: 573–586) does not list mayensis but does recognize A. s. greyi and A. ordinatus. All invasive populations (in Florida) show evidence of hybridization among native-range lineages (Bock et al., 2021, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 118: 1–10). Introduced individuals have most commonly been reported as A. s. sagrei, however, Kolbe et al. (2004, Nature 431: 177–181; 2007, Conservation Biology 21: 1612–1625) identified the sources of Florida populations as having native range origins from eastern and western Cuba, as well as The Bahamas; therefore A. s. greyi, A. s. ordinatus, and A. s. sagrei may all be involved, and more research is needed. Use of the subgeneric name follows Poe et al., (op. cit.).

Range maps are based on curated specimens and provided gratis by CNAH.
(Created by Travis W. Taggart; Version: 2024.02.03.14.27.25)
Download GeoJSON polygon range file: - 3.59 MB

First instance(s) of published English names:
De La Sagra's Anolis (Anolis sagrei: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Brown Anolis (Anolis sagrei: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Bahaman Brown Anolis (Anolis sagrei ordinatus: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Cuban Brown Anolis (Anolis sagrei sagrei: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Stejneger's Anolis (Anolis sagrei stejnegeri: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Key West Anole (Anolis sagrei stejnegeri: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.);

Taxon Links:

  
Catalog of American Amphibians and Reptiles
  
The Reptile Database
  
NatureServe
  
iNaturalist
  
GenBank
  
USGS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database

Pertinent LIterature:
1837 Dumeril, A. M. Constant and Gabriel Bibron. Erpetologie Generale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete Des Reptiles. Tome Quatrime. [General Herpetology or Complete Natural History of Reptiles. Volume Four.] Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, France. 571pp.
1887 Garman, Samuel. On West Indian Iguanidae and on West Indian Scincidae in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. Bulletin of the Essex Institute 19():1–29
1953 Bell, L. Neil. Notes on three subspecies of the lizard Anolis sagrei in southern Florida. Copeia 1953(1):63
1987 King, K., D. Cavazos, and F. W. Judd. Anolis sagrei (Sauria: Iguanidae) established in southern Texas. Texas Journal of Science 39():289–290
1990 Thomas, Robert A., P. J. Thomas, J. O. Coulson, and T. Coulson. Geographic distribution: Anolis sagrei sagrei. Herpetological Review 21(1):22
1995 Campbell, Todd S. and Joshua T. Hammontree. Anolis sagrei. Herpetological Review 26(2):107
1996 Kishinami, M. L. and C. H. Kishinami. New records of lizards established on Oahu. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 46():45–46
2000 Dixon, James R. Amphibians and Reptiles of Texas: With Keys, Taxonomic Synopses, Bibliography, and Distribution Maps.  2nd edition. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. 432pp.
2003 McAllister, Chris T., Stanley E. Trauth, and Chris S. Harris Geographic distribution: Anolis sagrei. Herpetological Review 34(3):261-262
2004 Kolbe, Jason J., Richard E Glor, Lourdes Rodríguez Schettino, Ada Chamizo Lara, Allan Larson, and Jonathan B Losos. Genetic variation increases during biological invasion by a Cuban lizard. Nature 431(7005):177-181
2007 Kolbe, Jason L., Richard E. Glor, Lourdes Rodríguez Schettino, Ada ChamizoLara, Allan Larson and Jonathan B. Losos. Multiple sources, admixture, and genetic variation in introduced Anolis lizard populations. Conservation Biology 21(6):1612-1625
2007 Steffen, J., and R. Birkhead. Geographic distribution: Norops sagrei. Herpetological Review 38(3):353
2009 Kraus, Fred. Alien Reptiles and Amphibians: A Scientific Compendium and Analysis. SpringerVerlag, Heidelberg, Germany. 563pp.
2011 Krysko, Kenneth L., Joseph P. Burgess, Michael R. Rochford, Christopher R. Gillette, Daniel Cueva, Kevin M. Enge, Louis A. Somma, Jennifer L. Stabile, Dustin C. Smith, Joseph A. Wasilewski, Guy N. Kieckhefer III, Michael C. Granatosky & Stuart V. Nielsen. Verified non-indigenous amphibians and reptiles in Florida from 1863 through 2010: Outlining the invasion process and identifying invasion pathways and stages. Zootaxa 3028(1):1-64
2014 Mahrdt, Clark R, Edward L. Ervin, and Gary Nafis. Geographic distribution: Anolis sagrei. Herpetological Review 45(4):658–659
2014 Mahrdt, Clark R, Edward L. Ervin, and Gary Nafis. Geographic distribution: Anolis sagrei. Herpetological Review 45(4):658–659
2017 Poe, Steven, A., Adrián Nieto-montes de Oca, Omar Torres-carvajal, Kevin De Queiroz, Julián A. Velasco, Brad Truett, Levi N. Gray, Mason J. Ryan, Gunther Köhler, Fernando Ayala-varela, and Ian Latella A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae). Systematic Biology 66(5):663–697
2018 Nicholson, Kirsten E., Brian I. Crother, Craig M. Guyer, and Jay M. Savage. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: The case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata) Zootaxa 4461(4):573–586
2019 Guyer, Craig, Mark A. Bailey, and Robert H. Mount. Lizards and Snakes of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. 416pp.
2019 Krysko, Kenneth L., Kevin M. Enge, and Paul E. Moler (Editor) Amphibians and Reptiles of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. 728pp.
2019 Beane, Jeffery C. New geographic distribution records for reptiles from North Carolina, USA. Herpetological Review 50(3):538-542
2020 Fisher, Samuel R., Lelani A. Del Pinto, and Robert N. Fisher. Establishment of brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) across a southern California county and potential interactions with a native lizard species. PeerJ 8(e8937):1-12
2021 Bock, Dan G., Simon Baeckens, Jessica N. Pita-Aquino, Zachary A. Chejanovski, Sozos N. Michaelides, Pavitra Muralidhare, Oriol Lapiedra, Sungdae Park, Douglas B. Menkeg, Anthony J. Genevah, Jonathan B. Losos, and Jason J. Kolbe. Changes in selection pressure can facilitate hybridization during biological invasion in a Cuban lizard. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 118(42):1-10

THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY — Accessed: Thursday 30 January 2025 02:34 CT