THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY

Amphibia    Anura    Bufonidae  

Black Toad
Anaxyrus exsul (Myers, 1942)

SSAR 9th Edition Comments:
 See comments under A. boreas. This taxon is nested in the A. boreas group and the entire group is in need of a comprehensive revision to determine species boundaries. Key studies, e.g., Goebel et al. (2009, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 50: 209–225), Gordon et al. (2017, Zootaxa 4290: 123–139) indicate that the taxon may be nested within A. boreas sensu lato.

Range maps are based on curated specimens and provided gratis by CNAH.
(Created by Travis W. Taggart; Version: 2023.09.10.09.45.50)
Download GeoJSON polygon range file: - 0.01 MB

Province/State Distribution:
USA: California

First instance(s) of published English names:
Black Toad (Bufo boreas exsul: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Inyo County Toad (Bufo boreas exsul: Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6th Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. 280pp.); Deep Springs Toad (: Ananjeva, N. B., L. J. Borkin, I. S. Darevsky, and N. L. Orlov. 1988. Russky Yazyk Publishers, Moscow. pp.); Black Toad (Anaxyrus exsul: Frost, Darrel R., Roy W. McDiarmid, Joseph R. Mendelson III, and David M. Green. 2012. Anura - Frogs. Pages 11-22 in Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Herpetological Circular No. 39. pp.);

Taxon Links:

  
Catalog of American Amphibians and Reptiles
  
Amphibian Species of the World
  
NatureServe
  
iNaturalist
  
GenBank
  
USGS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database

Selected References:
1942 Myers, G. S. The black toad of Deep Springs Valley, Inyo County, California. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (460):1–13
2004 Pauly, Gregory B., David M. Hillis, and David C. Cannatella. The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58:2517-2535
2005 Lannoo, Michael (Editor) Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University fo California Press, Berkeley. 1115pp.
2008 Pauly, Gregory B. Phylogenetic systematics, historical biogeography, and the evolution of vocalizations in Nearctic toads (Bufo). Dissertation. University of Texas, Austin. 165pp.
2009 Goebel, Anna M., Tom A. Ranker, Paul S. Corn, and Richard G. Olmstead. Mitochondrial DNA evolution in the Anaxyrus boreas species group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50(2):209-225
2013 Dodd, C. Kenneth. Frogs of the United States and Canada. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 982pp.
2016 Peralta-Garcia, Anny, Dean H. Leavitt, Bradford D. Hollingsworth, and Tod W. Reeder. The phylogenetic position of the Little Mexican Toad, Anaxyrus kelloggi, using molecular data. Journal of Herpetology 50(3):471-475
2017 Gordon, Michelle R., Eric T. Simandle, and C. Richard Tracy A diamond in the rough desert shrublands of the Great Basin in the Western United States: A new cryptic toad species (Amphibia: Bufonidae: Bufo (Anaxyrus)) discovered in Northern Nevada. Zootaxa 4290(1):123–139
2023 Dodd, C. Kenneth. Frogs of the United States and Canada. Second Edition. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 1032pp.

THE CENTER FOR NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGY — Accessed: Monday 21 April 2025 13:09 CT